During the 2024–2025 biennium, PAHO supported Nicaragua in strengthening national strategies for the prevention, early detection, and management of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), within the framework of the Family and Community Health Model.
PAHO provided sustained technical cooperation to Nicaragua’s national health regulatory authority through the joint development of an institutional development plan addressing critical gaps in the regulatory framework. This process included the updating of regulations, strengthening of technical and administrative capacities, and the standardization of procedures for the evaluation, authorization, and surveillance of medicines, vaccines, and other health technologies.
During the biennium, PAHO supported Nicaragua in strengthening maternal and neonatal health services through the introduction and adoption of key technological innovations. This included the incorporation, training, and updating of national regulations on the use of Ellavi uterine balloons for the management of postpartum hemorrhage – one of the leading causes of maternal mortality worldwide.
With technical support from PAHO, Nicaragua strengthened its diagnostic and surveillance capacities to advance toward the elimination of dog‑mediated human rabies.
PAHO provided continuous technical and administrative support to Nicaragua to strengthen procurement processes for vaccines, supplies, and health technologies through the Regional Revolving Funds.
| Outcome Indicator | Baseline/Target | Rating |
|---|---|---|
| 01.b. Number of countries and territories that have implemented strategies to strengthen the response capacity of the first level of care | Target 2025 | Achieved |
| 02.e. Number of countries and territories with capacity to implement and monitor national policies or strategies to improve the health and development of young children that are informed by the WHO/UNICEF framework Nurturing Care for Early Childhood Development | Baseline 2019 | Achieved |
| 11.a. Number of countries and territories that have decreased by 20% the percentage of population in households experiencing out-of-pocket catastrophic health spending | Target 2025 | Discrepancy |
| 11.b. Number of countries and territories that have decreased by 10% the percentage of people in households experiencing impoverishment due to out-of-pocket health expenditure | Target 2025 | Discrepancy |
| Outcome Indicator | Baseline/Target | Rating |
|---|---|---|
| 04.c. Number of countries and territories with at least 95% coverage of syphilis treatment in pregnant women | Target 2025 | Achieved |
| 04.e. Number of countries with >70% of malaria cases diagnosed and treated within 72 hours of the start of symptoms | Target 2025 | Not achieved |
| 04.f. Number of countries and territories with capacity to conduct integrated surveillance of arbovirus cases | Target 2025 | Achieved |
| 04.g. Number of countries and territories reporting at least 95% coverage at the national level of the second dose of measles and rubella containing vaccine (MRCV) | Baseline 2019 | Achieved |
| 04.h. Number of countries and territories reporting at least 95% coverage of 3 doses of diphtheria, pertussis, and tetanus -containing vaccine (DPT3) in 80% of municipalities | Baseline 2019 | Achieved |
| 04.j. Number of countries and territories that have incorporated HPV vaccines in their national vaccination program | Target 2025 | Achieved |
| 12.b. Number of countries and territories where the entire endemic (by vector transmission) territory or territorial unit has a domestic infestation index (by the main triatomine vector species or by the substitute vector, as the case may be) of less than or equal to 1% | Baseline 2019 | Achieved |
| 12.d. Number of countries and territories that have adequate mechanisms in place to prevent or mitigate risks to food safety | Target 2025 | Achieved |
| 17.b. Number of countries and territories with >80% of malaria cases investigated and classified in areas targeted for elimination or prevention of reestablishment | Baseline 2019 | Achieved |
| 17.c [b]. Interruption of transmission of neglected infectious diseases (NID) in countries, following WHO criteria and guidelines [Chagas Disease] | Baseline 2019 | Achieved |
| 17.c [c]. Interruption of transmission of neglected infectious diseases (NID) in countries, following WHO criteria and guidelines [Dog-mediated human rabies] | Baseline 2019 | Partially achieved |
| 17.d. Number of countries and territories with established capacity and effective processes to eliminate human rabies transmitted by dogs | Baseline 2019 | Achieved |
| Outcome Indicator | Baseline/Target | Rating |
|---|---|---|
| 05.e. Number of countries and territories whose surveillance systems have the capacity to report on key indicators of the Global Monitoring Framework for Noncommunicable Diseases | Target 2025 | Partially achieved |
| 05.g. Number of countries and territories that have increased capacity to manage mental health disorders at the first level of care | Target 2025 | Achieved |
| 05.h. Number of countries and territories that have increased the rate of persons admitted with mental disorders to general hospitals | Target 2025 | Achieved |
| 15.a. Number of countries and territories with an operational advisory committee or lead agency on road safety that supports the development and/or implementation of a national road safety strategy | Target 2025 | Achieved |
| Outcome Indicator | Baseline/Target | Rating |
|---|---|---|
| 18.b. Number of countries and territories with capacity to prevent key occupational diseases | Baseline 2019 | Achieved |
| 18.g. Number of countries and territories with capacity to address health in chemical safety (including human health exposure to metals and/or pesticides) | Target 2025 | Achieved |
| 18.h. Number of countries and territories with capacity to address the health-related effects of climate change | Baseline 2019 | Achieved |
| 19.b. Number of countries and territories that have integrated health promotion into health services based on the principles of primary health care | Baseline 2019 | Achieved |
| Outcome Indicator | Baseline/Target | Rating |
|---|---|---|
| 21.b. Number of countries and territories that generate, analyze, and use data and information according to health priorities, disaggregated by geopolitical and demographic strata, as appropriate to the national context | Target 2025 | Achieved |
| 21.c. Number of countries and territories with established mechanisms on knowledge management, multilingualism, open access, and publishing | Target 2025 | Achieved |
| 22.b. Number of countries and territories that have ethical standards for conducting research with human subjects | Target 2025 | Achieved |
| Outcome Indicator | Baseline/Target | Rating |
|---|---|---|
| 23.a. Number of countries and territories that meet or exceed minimum capacities to manage public health risks associated with emergencies | Baseline 2019 | Achieved |
| 23.b. Number of States Parties meeting and sustaining International Health Regulations (IHR) requirements for core capacities | Target 2025 | Achieved |
| 24.a. Number of countries and territories with installed capacity to effectively respond to major epidemics and pandemics | Target 2025 | Achieved |
| Outcome Indicator | Baseline/Target | Rating |
|---|---|---|
| 27.a. Proportion of countries and territories where the national health authority reports satisfaction with PAHO/WHO’s leading role on global and regional health issues | Target 2025 | Achieved |
| 27.b. Number of countries and territories for which there is alignment between the national health policy, strategy, or plan and the outcomes defined in the PAHO Strategic Plan 2020-2025 | Target 2025 | Achieved |
1. Access to comprehensive and quality health services
2. Health throughout the life course
4. Response capacity for communicable diseases
5. Access to services for NCDs and mental health conditions
11. Strengthened financial protection
12. Risk factors for communicable diseases
15. Intersectoral response to violence and injuries
17. Elimination of communicable diseases
18. Social and environmental determinants
19. Health promotion and intersectoral action
21. Data, information, knowledge, and evidence
22. Research, ethics, and innovation for health
23. Health emergencies preparedness and risk reduction
24. Epidemic and pandemic prevention and control
27. Leadership and governance
| Output (OPT) Indicator | Baseline/Target | Rating |
|---|---|---|
| 01.1.a. Number of countries and territories with frameworks in place for integrated health service delivery networks (IHSDN) to improve the resolution capacity of the first level of care and integrate priority programs, including NCDs and the elimination agenda | Baseline 2023 | Achieved |
| 01.2.a. Number of countries and territories implementing strategies and/or plans of action to improve quality of care in health service delivery | Baseline 2023 | Achieved |
| 02.2.e. Number of countries and territories implementing strategies to increase access to responsive and quality health services for adolescents | Baseline 2023 | Achieved |
| 07.3.a. Number of countries and territories enabled to strengthen health workforce competencies and capacity-building programs through the Virtual Campus for Public Health and other WHO platforms | Target 2025 | Not achieved |
| 08.2.a. Number of countries and territories that have established an institutional development plan to improve regulatory capacity for health products based on the assessment of their national regulatory capacities by the Global Benchmarking Tool | Baseline 2023 | Achieved |
| 08.3.b. Number of countries and territories updating, developing, and implementing medicines pricing policies and monitoring systems | Target 2025 | Achieved |
| 08.5.a. Number of countries and territories implementing plans to manage and oversee the essential medicines supply chain, including planning, forecasting, and availability | Baseline 2023 | Achieved |
| 08.7.a. Number of countries and territories with mechanisms for health technology assessment and evidence-based incorporation, selection, management, and rational use of medicines and other health technologies | Target 2025 | Achieved |
| 09.2.a. Number of countries and territories with mechanisms for monitoring and evaluating progress toward universal health and primary health care using PAHO’s frameworks and tools | Target 2025 | Achieved |
| 10.1.a. Number of countries and territories implementing equitable health financing strategies and reforms to sustain progress toward universal health, including specific strategies to progressively increase public expenditure in health in a sustainable manner | Target 2025 | Partially achieved |
| Output (OPT) Indicator | Baseline/Target | Rating |
|---|---|---|
| 04.1.a. Number of countries and territories implementing national norms, standards, and tools aligned with PAHO and WHO guidelines on TB, HIV, STIs, and VH, with emphasis on key and vulnerable populations | Target 2025 | Partially achieved |
| 04.2.a. Number of countries and territories implementing the new arboviral disease guidelines for patient care in the Region of the Americas | Target 2025 | Achieved |
| 04.3.a. Number of NID-endemic countries and territories that implement PAHO recommendations on integrated interventions to reduce the burden of NIDs through their health systems | Baseline 2023 | Partially achieved |
| 04.4.a. Number of countries and territories that implement PAHO/WHO recommended policies and inter programmatic approaches related to malaria | Baseline 2023 | Achieved |
| 04.5.a. Number of countries and territories with DPT3 immunization coverage of at least 95% that are implementing strategies to reach unvaccinated and under-vaccinated populations | Target 2025 | Achieved |
| 04.5.b. Number of countries and territories generating evidence to support decisions on the introduction or post-introduction of new vaccines | Target 2025 | Achieved |
| 12.3.a. Number of countries and territories with an established multisectoral coordinating mechanism to oversee national strategies to combat antimicrobial resistance | Baseline 2023 | Achieved |
| 12.4.a. Number of countries and territories that annually provide laboratory-based data on antimicrobial resistance | Baseline 2023 | Achieved |
| 12.6.a. Number of NID-endemic countries and territories that use the framework of the WHO WASH-NTD strategy as part of their national or subnational approach to tackle NIDs | Target 2025 | Partially achieved |
| 12.7.a. Number of countries and territories that have in place or under implementation intersectoral mandatory risk-based regulatory mechanisms, food monitoring and foodborne disease surveillance systems, or any other practice to protect public health from foodborne diseases, with a One Health approach | Target 2025 | Partially achieved |
| 12.8.a. Number of countries and territories that have programs to prevent or mitigate zoonotic diseases and snake/arthropod envenoming | Target 2025 | Achieved |
| 12.9.a. Number of countries and territories with integrated territorial actions for prevention, control, and/or surveillance of vector-borne transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi | Baseline 2023 | Achieved |
| 17.1.a. Number of countries and territories implementing PAHO/WHO-recommended interventions in active foci and areas at risk of reestablishment of malaria | Baseline 2023 | Achieved |
| 17.5.a. Number of countries and territories that have maintained their status as free from both wild poliovirus and circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus | Target 2025 | Achieved |
| 17.6.a. Number of countries and territories that have met the established minimum annual rate of suspected measles/rubella cases plus at least three of the five surveillance indicators defined in the Plan of Action for the Sustainability of Measles, Rubella, and Congenital Rubella Syndrome Elimination in the Americas 2018-2023 | Baseline 2023 | Discrepancy |
| 17.8.a. Number of countries and territories implementing plans of action to strengthen prevention, prophylaxis, surveillance, and control for the validation of the elimination of rabies transmitted by dogs | Target 2025 | Achieved |
| Output (OPT) Indicator | Baseline/Target | Rating |
|---|---|---|
| 05.1.a. Number of countries and territories that are implementing evidence-based national guidelines/protocols/standards for the management of NCDs (i.e. cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes, and chronic respiratory disease) | Baseline 2023 | Achieved |
| 05.2.a. Number of countries and territories that have surveillance systems in place to enable reporting on the global and regional NCD commitments | Target 2025 | Achieved |
| 05.3.a. Number of countries and territories with comprehensive mental health services integrated into primary health care in at least 50% of primary health care facilities | Baseline 2023 | Achieved |
| 05.4.a. Number of countries and territories that collect, analyze, and report a core set of mental health indicators within the national health information systems | Target 2025 | Achieved |
| 06.2.a. Number of countries and territories that are implementing national standard operating procedures, protocols, and/or guidelines for the health system response to violence, aligned with PAHO and WHO guidelines | Baseline 2023 | Achieved |
| 13.1.a. Number of countries and territories implementing population-based policy measures to reduce the harmful use of alcohol in line with PAHO and WHO resolutions | Target 2025 | Achieved |
| 14.1.a. Number of countries and territories that are implementing national policies consistent with the WHO Global Targets 2025 for maternal, infant, and young child nutrition and the nutrition components of the Sustainable Development Goals | Baseline 2023 | Achieved |
| 14.1.b. Number of countries and territories implementing policies to protect, promote, and support optimal breastfeeding and complementary feeding practices | Baseline 2023 | Achieved |
| 15.2.a. Number of countries and territories that have a national multisectoral coalition/task force to prevent and respond to violence that includes the health sector | Baseline 2023 | Achieved |
| 16.1.a. Number of countries and territories implementing policies and legislative frameworks to promote and improve mental health in line with global human rights instruments | Target 2025 | Achieved |
| 16.2.a. Number of countries and territories with national multisectoral strategies and plans aimed at the prevention of suicide across the life course and addressing its main risk factors and social determinants | Baseline 2023 | Achieved |
| Output (OPT) Indicator | Baseline/Target | Rating |
|---|---|---|
| 18.2.a. Number of countries and territories implementing water and sanitation safety plans, policies, programs, and/or interventions to reduce health risks associated with water quality and unsanitary conditions, following WHO guidelines | Target 2025 | Achieved |
| 18.2.c. Number of countries and territories implementing plans, policies, programs, and/or interventions to reduce health risks associated with outdoor air pollution, following WHO guidelines | Target 2025 | Achieved |
| 18.2.d. Number of countries and territories implementing plans, policies, programs, and/or interventions to reduce health risks associated with hazardous chemical exposures, following the WHO Chemicals Road Map, the Minamata Convention, and other chemical-related policies and programs | Target 2025 | Achieved |
| 18.2.f. Number of countries and territories implementing plans, policies, programs, and/or interventions to reduce health risks associated with household air pollution due to use of solid fuels for cooking and heating, following WHO guidelines | Target 2025 | Achieved |
| 18.3.a. Number of countries and territories that have initiatives to prevent, diagnose, and record chronic kidney disease of nontraditional causes and/or pneumoconiosis | Baseline 2023 | Achieved |
| 19.4.b. Number of countries and territories implementing mechanisms that facilitate the participation of community organizations and leaders in public health programs | Baseline 2023 | Achieved |
| 26.2.a. Number of countries and territories implementing policies, plans, and strategies to advance health equity | Baseline 2023 | Achieved |
| 26.3.a. Number of countries and territories implementing policies, plans, and programs to advance gender equality in health | Baseline 2023 | Achieved |
| 26.4.a. Number of countries and territories implementing policies, plans, and programs to advance ethnic equality in health | Baseline 2023 | Achieved |
| 26.5.a. Number of countries and territories using human rights norms and standards in the formulation and implementation of health-related policies, plans, programs, and legislation | Baseline 2023 | Achieved |
| Output (OPT) Indicator | Baseline/Target | Rating |
|---|---|---|
| 20.1.a. Number of countries and territories that have developed and implemented a plan to strengthen information systems for health based on PAHO’s IS4H maturity assessment model | Target 2025 | Partially achieved |
| 20.2.a. Number of countries and territories implementing an updated plan of action for strengthening the quality and coverage of vital statistics | Baseline 2023 | Achieved |
| 20.3.a. Number of countries and territories implementing digital health strategies or roadmaps, aligned with the regional policy and global strategy | Target 2025 | Partially achieved |
| 21.2.a. Number of countries and territories with mechanisms (policies, standards, tools, etc.) in place for the generation, dissemination, and preservation of, and access to, scientific and technical data, information, and evidence for health | Target 2025 | Achieved |
| 21.3.a. Number of countries and territories that generate and disseminate health analyses and/or health intelligence reports on relevant public health topics, including SDG 3 progress monitoring and health equity analyses | Target 2025 | Partially achieved |
| 22.1.a. Number of countries and territories with a defined policy framework for research for health, including appropriate funding mechanisms reported to the WHO Global Observatory on Health Research and Development | Target 2025 | Achieved |
| 22.2.a. Number of countries and territories with the national health authority enabled to address ethical issues and establish effective mechanisms for ethics oversight of research | Target 2025 | Achieved |
| Output (OPT) Indicator | Baseline/Target | Rating |
|---|---|---|
| 23.1.a. Number of States Parties completing annual reporting on the International Health Regulations (2005) | Baseline 2023 | Achieved |
| 23.1.b. Number of countries and territories that have evaluated disaster and emergency preparedness capacities in the health sector | Baseline 2023 | Achieved |
| 23.2.a. Number of States Parties with national action plans developed for strengthening International Health Regulations (2005) core capacities | Target 2025 | Discrepancy |
| 23.2.b. Number of countries and territories with full-time staff assigned to health emergencies | Baseline 2023 | Achieved |
| 23.3.a. Number of States Parties that have conducted simulation exercises or after-action review | Baseline 2023 | Not achieved |
| 23.4.a. Number of countries and territories that include safe hospital criteria in the planning, design, construction, and operation of health services | Baseline 2023 | Partially achieved |
| 24.2.a. Number of countries and territories with strategies and/or plans in place to detect and respond to high-threat and emerging pathogens, including emerging zoonotic pathogens | Baseline 2023 | Achieved |
| 24.3.b. Number of countries and territories performing regular monitoring/auditing of infection prevention and control practices in referral care facilities | Baseline 2023 | Achieved |
| 24.3.c. Number of countries and territories with operational integrated surveillance systems and pandemic preparedness plans for respiratory viruses, including influenza and COVID-19 | Baseline 2023 | Achieved |
| Output (OPT) Indicator | Baseline/Target | Rating |
|---|---|---|
| 27.1.a. Number of countries and territories with a current Country Cooperation Strategy | Target 2025 | Partially achieved |